you can make pretty big tilemaps in arcade! that being said, it can be tricky to manage all the sprites on those maps. if you have a huge tilemaps with hundreds of sprites running around, your code is going to run pretty slow.
instead, you could consider doing something like what the old-school zelda games used to do and chunk your world into maps. for example:
then you can destroy old sprites and create new ones every time you move from one screen to another.